Norway the Arctic guardian and NATO’s strategic anchor

Global Watch | 2026-02-25

Norway's leadership in Arctic defense is unmatched, bolstered by strategic investments and deep integration into NATO operations that ensure the region's security and stability.

As the Arctic grows increasingly contested -- due to melting ice, emerging shipping routes, and heightened Russian activity -- Norway's role as a defender has never been more critical.

This militarization is driven by climate change, which is melting ice and opening new routes like the Northwest Passage, leading to a rising military footprint with airstrips, radar domes, bases, warships, and missiles in the region.

With a long coastline extending into the Arctic and close proximity to Russia's northern border, Norway has served as NATO's "eyes and ears" in the region since 1949.

Its capabilities in monitoring Russian submarine movements, patrolling the Barents and Norwegian Seas, and tracking Russian air and sea activity make it an indispensable ally in safeguarding the Arctic.

Strategic investments in defense

Norway's commitment to Arctic defense is reflected in its proposed NOK 43 billion ($4.5 billion) investment to modernize military capabilities and infrastructure.

This includes new submarines, advanced weaponry, upgrades to fighter aircraft programs, and modern tanks for the Army -- ensuring Norway's armed forces remain agile and capable in the challenging Arctic environment.

The Home Guard, Norway's local defense force, is also receiving a NOK 24 million ($2.5 million) boost to enhance its crisis response capabilities within the country.

This emphasis on strengthening local defenses underscores Norway's dedication to protecting its sovereignty and enabling rapid responses to emerging threats.

One of Norway's most significant procurements is its $2 billion investment in long-range artillery systems for Arctic defense.

The Chunmoo multiple rocket launcher, produced by South Korea's Hanwha Aerospace, was selected for its ability to strike targets up to 500 kilometers away and its rapid delivery schedule.

This system will give Norway a critical edge in deterring threats near its Arctic border with Russia.

NATO partnerships are strong

Norway's role in NATO's Arctic strategy is exemplified by its participation in the Cold Response 26 exercise, which tests the Alliance's ability to deploy and sustain combat power in Arctic conditions.

NATO allies, including Norway, are stepping up through exercises like Cold Response and Trident Juncture to demonstrate resolve against key threats.

With more than 25,000 troops from 12 allied nations, the exercise underscores the importance of Arctic warfare in NATO's operational environment.

Additionally, the biannual Global Guardian exercise in March 2025 showcased allied unity, with high-alert fighter aircraft from five Joint Expeditionary Force (JEF) nations -- including Norway -- scrambled to intercept simulated hostile air patrols, demonstrating seamless integration and transatlantic reach.

Norway's strategic position and interoperability with NATO allies enhance Arctic security.

Its coordination with NATO forces ensures the region remains secure against Russian threats and other emerging challenges.

As climate change opens new shipping routes above Russia, Norway's vigilance in monitoring these developments is essential for maintaining Arctic stability.

Norway has long recognized the threats posed by Russian military forces in the Arctic.

From training exercises in the Barents Sea to operating a "shadow fleet" of old tankers and cargo ships to evade sanctions, Russia's activities remain a constant concern.

Norwegian officials emphasize that Russia is the primary threat in the Arctic, reminding allies of this reality.

Norway's Navy actively monitors Russian submarine movements and patrols the region, keeping NATO informed and prepared for any provocations.

Norway's leadership in Arctic defense forms a cornerstone of regional security.

Its strategic investments, commitment to NATO partnerships, and vigilance in tracking Russian activity ensure the Arctic remains safe and stable.

As the region grows increasingly contested, Norway's role as a defender is more vital than ever.

Its ability to coordinate with NATO allies, modernize military capabilities, and address emerging threats positions it as a key player in safeguarding the Arctic's future.

For Norway, the Arctic is not just a strategic priority -- it is a responsibility. And through its investments and partnerships, Norway is ensuring that this responsibility is met.