Operation Highmast and Steadfast Noon signal strength of allied military cooperation

Global Watch | 2025-11-08

In an era of rising geopolitical tensions, military alliances and partnerships are more critical than ever.

Two recent operations; Operation Highmast, led by the United Kingdom's Carrier Strike Group, and NATO's annual nuclear exercise Steadfast Noon, highlight how advanced naval carrier groups, dual-capable aircraft and NATO's nuclear deterrence policy collectively enhance interoperability and bolster deterrence against military aggression.

These exercises, while distinct in their focus, share a common goal: to demonstrate the readiness, unity and resolve of Western nations in the face of growing threats.

The United Kingdom's Operation Highmast is a shining example of modern naval power projection. This eight-month deployment of Carrier Strike Group 25 (CSG25), led by HMS Prince of Wales, traversed the Mediterranean, Middle East and Indo-Pacific regions, conducting joint exercises with allies such as Japan, Australia and India.

At its core, Operation Highmast showcased the United Kingdom's ability to deploy fifth-generation F-35B Lightning II jets from land and sea, integrating seamlessly with allied forces. Exercises like Talisman Sabre in Australia and Konkan 25 with India tested interoperability between naval and air forces, while port visits reinforced diplomatic ties.

The deployment also sent a clear message of deterrence. By operating in contested waters like the South China Sea, the United Kingdom reaffirmed its commitment to upholding international law and freedom of navigation.

Meanwhile, NATO's Steadfast Noon focuses on nuclear deterrence, a cornerstone of the Alliance's security strategy. Held annually, this exercise involves over 60 aircraft, including dual-capable aircraft (DCA), bombers, refueling planes and reconnaissance jets.

These platforms simulate the deployment of US nuclear weapons stored in Europe under NATO's nuclear-sharing arrangements. Steadfast Noon is not about saber-rattling; it is a routine training activity designed to ensure the safety, security and effectiveness of NATO's nuclear deterrent.

By involving multiple nations, including Belgium, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands, the exercise strengthens interoperability among NATO members. Pilots and ground crews train together, learning to operate under unified command structures and standardized procedures.

This exercise also marked a milestone with the Netherlands' F-35A fighter jets being declared ready for nuclear roles, further modernizing NATO's capabilities.

Both operations highlight the importance of dual-capable aircraft (DCA)and naval carrier groups in modern deterrence strategies. Dual-Capable Aircraft can deliver both conventional and nuclear payloads, provide operational flexibility and enhance NATO's nuclear-sharing arrangements. Countries like Belgium, Germany and Italy operate DCA, ensuring that the risks and responsibilities of nuclear deterrence are shared across the Alliance.

Naval Carrier strike groups, such as HMS Prince of Wales in Operation Highmast, serve as floating fortresses of air power. They enable nations to project force globally, conduct joint exercises, and respond to crises. The integration of F-35B jets with allied carriers, such as Japan’s Kaga, demonstrates the interoperability needed to counter threats in contested regions.

Interoperability is a force multiplier (the glue) that binds these operations together. Whether it's NATO members coordinating nuclear missions during Steadfast Noon or the UK collaborating with Indo-Pacific allies during Operation Highmast, the ability to operate seamlessly across borders and domains is essential.

For example, the integration of F-35B jets in both exercises showcases how advanced platforms can enhance joint operations. These aircraft, procured globally, are designed to "fly and fight seamlessly" alongside allied forces, whether in Europe or the Indo-Pacific.

Both operations deter against aggression; sending a clear message that Western nations are united, prepared and capable of defending their interests. NATO's nuclear deterrence policy, reinforced by Steadfast Noon, ensures that any aggression against member states will be met with overwhelming force.

The exercise demonstrates NATO's resolve to protect its members. Operation Highmast freedom of navigation operations and exercises underscore the UK's commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific.

Operation Highmast and Steadfast Noon exemplify how advanced military capabilities, strategic alliances and routine exercises can improve interoperability and strengthen deterrence.

In a world where aggression is becoming more common, these operations remind us that unity and readiness are the best defense. Whether it's NATO's nuclear-sharing arrangements or the United Kingdom's carrier strike group deployments, the message is clear: Western nations will stand together to preserve peace, prevent coercion and deter aggression.

As global threats evolve, the importance of these exercises will only grow, ensuring that the forces of freedom remain strong, modern and ready to face any challenge.